Varicose veins of the pelvis in women

Varicose veins of the pelvis in women (ectasia, parameters, dilatation or phlebostasis) are caused by this condition due to reverse blood flow through the ovarian artery, which appears due to vascular compression.

Intensification of disease development is pregnancy.

The internal pelvic varicose veins are expressed with severe and prolonged pain in the lower abdomen.

In the literature, varicose veins of the pelvis are also defined by the terms "pelvic venous congestion syndrome", "varicocele in women", "chronic pelvic pain syndrome".

In the vast majority of cases (80%), varicose transformation affects the ovarian veins and is extremely rare (1%) observed in the wide ligament veins of the uterus.

According to modern medical approaches, the treatment of VVMT should be performed not so much from the point of view of gynecology, but, first of all, from the point of view of phlebology.

Causes of pathology

Most often, pelvic vein ectasia is defined in women. Moreover, as a rule, this disease in gynecology is diagnosed in patients aged 20-40 years.

Often, patients with varicose veins of the pelvis first try to perform the treatment at home. Popular methods, used without the advice and recommendations of the doctor, can lead to the appearance of negative side effects, so after a while you should go to a phlebologist for a consultation.

The main factors that lead to the appearance of this pathology include:

1. Excessive increase in physical activity.
2. Passive lifestyle.
3. Congenital diseases of the walls of blood vessels - weakening, plasticity, underdevelopment.
4. Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
5. Hormonal imbalance.

Pathology of sexual plan - anorgasmia, pain and the appearance of discomfort during sexual intercourse, which have a psychological etiology of appearance, while very often practicing interrupted sexual intercourse.

At the same time, varicose veins of the small pelvis, the treatment and symptoms of this disease are similar to varicose veins in the legs. In this situation, the valves in the veins begin to disrupt the work of the valves that help blood flow to the heart muscle.

Malfunctions of the valves appear, which act as protection against reverse blood flow.

If their work is disrupted, then blood clots begin in the veins. Blood-filled veins increase in volume, which further adds to the phenomenon of stagnation.

Venous pelvic congestion usually occurs near the vulva, fallopian tubes, uterine region and can even dilate the veins in the vagina.

The first signs and symptoms

A number of basic clinical symptoms indicate the development of varicose veins. The most important signs of this disease are unreasonable pains in the lower abdomen, in the pelvic region, often they begin to radiate to the perineum or to the lumbar region. The patient is also annoyed by the copious discharge of mucus from the vagina, especially in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

In addition to the main symptoms, there are other very important symptoms of varicose veins:

1. In certain cases, infertility is observed in women.
2. Dismenorrea. Manifestation of pain during menstruation.
3. Perceived passage of premenstrual symptoms.
4. Radiation pain in the groin, lower back and sacrum.
5. A symptom of dyspareunia (the appearance of a feeling of discomfort in the vagina or vulva, both during sexual intercourse and after its completion).
6. Manifestation of a painful crisis (as a result of severe hypothermia of the body, excessive physical fatigue, psychoemotional stress).
7. Occurrence of abdominal pain after prolonged overload (dynamic or static).

In the face of this clinical symptomatology, it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible, as this pathology can have a large number of unpleasant complications:

• varicose veins may be a contraindication to natural childbirth;
• the work of the reproductive organs is interrupted;
• there is fear of sexual contact;
• nervousness and anxiety appear.

It should also be noted that all of the above symptoms can be expressed in different ways, in certain patients all the signs of the disease are observed, and in some only some of them.

Methods for diagnosing the disease

To establish the correct diagnosis, the patient must undergo a comprehensive examination. If a woman complains of pain that appears for an unknown reason, then the specialist first of all determines all the reasons that are factors in the appearance of the pain symptom. The lower extremities of the patient are carefully examined. So you can identify the manifestation of varicose veins. In some situations, a diagnosis is made by a vascular doctor.

The main methods of diagnosis are as follows:

1. Ultrasound of the venous system. Examination makes it possible to examine for tortuosity and varicose veins.
2. Laparoscopy. Identify varicose veins in the ovarian region.
3. CT. Makes it possible to rule out the disease, identify varicose veins in the ovaries and uterus, to see the magnification on the monitor, as well as their twisting.
4. Selective ovarography. The most accurate examination. It is performed by injecting a contrast agent into the subclavian and femoral veins.
5. Doppler ultrasonography. Determines in the veins of the ovaries and uterus a decrease in systolic rate of the process.

The use of these methods makes it possible to more clearly define the symptoms of the disease.

Stairs and differential approach

To standardize the diagnosis and the possibility of an approach to differential treatment, A. E. Volkov divided the varicose veins taking into account the site of venous ectasia formation and the size of the dilated vessels.

Three stages of this disease are classified:

• the first stage - the "cork" movement of the vessel, the size of the vein is not more than 6 mm;
• second stage - the size of the vein is not more than 7-11 mm during the total type of varicose veins, VR of the arcuate uterine plexus veins, VR of the parametric veins, loose ectasia of the ovarian plexus;
• third stage - vein size is more than 11 mm during the main form of parametric formation or total type of VR.

Given the severity of the pathology process, you can use medication methods of treatment or surgery.

Methods for treating varicose veins

During stage 1-2 of varicose veins, conservative methods of therapy (corrective gymnastics, NPS medication, venotonics) are most often used.

Conservative therapy during venous congestion syndrome is symptomatic, which includes the normalization of rest and physical activity, which excludes excessive active loads and prolonged standing.

When a patient is diagnosed with varicose veins, the treatment procedures are mainly aimed at achieving the following tasks:

1. Relief of symptoms of bleeding, pain, etc.
2. Restoration of venous tone, increased blood circulation to tissues.
3. Interruption of reverse blood flow through the venous system of the ovaries.

It is necessary to understand that even a very high quality therapy for this pathology will not completely cure varicose veins.

However, adequate treatment will make it possible to prevent the main clinical symptoms and significantly improve the patient's condition.

EMCT treatment includes several key components:

1. Regular exercises in medical gymnastics to prevent the onset of the disease.
2. The course of drug use during an irritation.

Conservative therapy of affected veins

Due to the internal location of the veins infected with pathology, medicines are used orally, it is simply impossible to apply venous ointments and gels.

The following drugs are used during this disease:

1. Horse chestnut extract - to relieve inflammation and swelling.
2. On the basis of diosmin - to get rid of high vascular elasticity, to prevent damage, to reduce permeability.
3. Vitamin C - strengthens the vascular wall.

Doctors advise combining conservative treatment with exercise therapy, as well as the use of compression underwear. Compression garments are especially needed during pregnancy.

Surgical intervention

Surgical intervention is an extreme method of treatment, which is used if the disease is at a very advanced stage and there is an assumption for VR of the veins.

The surgical operation is chosen taking into account the location of the main venous rupture and includes the following interventions:

• crossectomy operation - also used for diseases of the veins of the legs;
• ligation of a vein in the genitals (usually performed simultaneously with perineal miniflebectomy);
• ovarian vein ligation.

If an operation is necessary, the choice of appropriate manipulations is quite individual, as everything will depend on the location of the varicose veins.

Improving exercises and gymnastics

If we take into account the necessary physical exercises, then women during this disease should do at least one of the exercises every day - "birch", "bicycle", "scissors".

A contrast shower in the pelvic area and breathing exercises are also very helpful. At the same time, gymnastics performed correctly and efficiently is the fastest way to restore a healthy and normal life.

The simplest but most effective exercises are as follows:

1. While lying on your back, raise your legs, then bend over and stand up as high as possible. The exercise is performed about 10 times.
2. Position on your back, stretch your legs, then, bending over, pull in the chest area. Run at least 10 times.
3. For half an hour, you will have to walk around the room. First - on the toes, then - on the heels, then - raising the knees as high as possible.
4. Lying on your stomach, take turns to raise your legs up. In the maximum position, the foot should be fixed for a few seconds. At least 7 approaches for each leg.

Prescriptions and folk remedies

Varicose veins can be treated at home.

The most popular and common methods of treatment:

1. Horse chestnut infusion.
2. Kombucha tincture.
3. Dandelion root tincture.
4. Treatment with caterpillars, which are applied to the coccyx and the sacral region.

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of varicose veins. The daily diet should be balanced and have plenty of natural fiber and protein.

Preventive actions

It is also necessary to use some simple tips that serve as prevention of VVMT. Moreover, if they are constantly monitored, they can also improve the overall condition of the body:

1. Exercise daily.
2. Use special tights for treatment.
3. Add more vegetables to your daily diet. Avoid foods that cause constipation.
4. During sedentary work, take breaks, you should walk for at least 10 minutes every two hours.
5. Do not abuse alcohol or tobacco.
6. Do not take hormonal medications in an uncontrolled manner.
7. After surgery for VVMT, you should take prophylactic doses of the medication prescribed by your doctor.

Possible prediction

If the varicose condition is not treated at all, then after a while the veins start to grow even more (by 90%), this threatens with serious side effects, including thrombosis. In the remaining 10% of patients with varicose veins, which appeared after pregnancy, the disease does not pass to a more severe stage, but never passes on its own.

If you start treating the pathology, you can achieve a complete recovery (15-25%, taking into account the severity) or significant improvement (55-60%), especially in the case of simultaneous combination of operative and conservative methods. . But, in one way or another, after complex therapy, lifelong prophylaxis should be performed, which consists in adhering to a correct lifestyle, regular medication or supporting venous compression.